Publications - Working Papers IER SAS

The existing differences between women and men are of a biological and social nature. 'Sex' refers to the biologically determined differences between women and men. 'Gender' refers to social and cultural differences. These differences are learned, may change over time, and vary significantly both within and between cultures. What is the proportion of the female to male researchers in European Union and how this proportion evolving over time? The paper presents selected issues of gender equality in science, research and education and describes the basic problem related to the lack of women in specific fields and professions, particularly in the field of science and engineering, senior positions and in decision making. The study compares the Slovak Republic with the European Union, reflects on the motivation of the women to work in the field of science and refers to the role to European and national strategic documents in this area as well.