Journal of Economics - Obsahy ročníkov

We discuss the exchange rate determinants of the Slovak currency in the framework of panel data estimations for six Central and Eastern European countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia). We estimate monetary exchange rate model with several panel cointegration methods, which reflects that the exchange rates and economic fundamentals (differential industrial growth and interest rate differential to the euro area) are found to be non-stationary. Our results show that the monetary model is able to convincingly explain the long-run exchange rate relationships. Finally, the long-run monetary relationship is used to compute monetary equilibrium exchange rates for the Slovak koruna. Keywords: exchange rates, monetary model, panel unit root tests, panel cointegration JEL Classification: C33, F31, F36

The Slovak banking sector passed in the last years through significant changes, mostly in the section of ownership. The restructuring and following privatization of important state owned Slovak banks created conditions for consolidation of banking environment and the growth of effectivity in the Slovak banking houses. The total balance sum of commercial banks increased in followed period by SKK 141 milliard, what stands for growth rate of 117 %. Based on the data of National Bank was registered a significant decrease of gross loans in the economy (SKK –39 milliard), simultaneously the greatest fall was registered in the category of medium-term loans. Long term loans developed by other way and they increase by SKK 28 milliard. In the 2000 the bank profits was SKK 13,3 milliard, in the year 2001 was registered a decrease to level SKK 8,8 milliard and in the year 2003 was again registered an increase to SKK 11,2 milliard. Key words: banking sector, balance sum of commercial banks, loans, deposits, profit JEL Classification: G21

The paper describes process of scenario planning. Scenario planning is a recognised tool, used by organisations and institutions as part of their strategic planning process. It provides individuals with the opportunity to ask the „what if“ questions – to „rehearse“ how they might respond, should a certain event or trend happen in the future. For organisations it provides an invaluable opportunity to have a strategic discussion around key drivers and critical uncertainties in their operating environments. This process is also demonstrated by a short scenario planning example, exercised in the IST-1999-29088 PRISMA Project funded within the 5th Framework Programme. Key words: scenario planning, innovative services, ICT, planning JEL Classification: O14, O21, O33

The contribution is focused at the research of the existing health care systems in the world and their comparison. The aim and content of the contribution is to analyse the way of financing of health care from the macroeconomic point of view, which is especially oriented at the specification of the public and private sources of financing and their comparison in the international context. In the work are researched and compared models of health care systems in the selected countries of the world. At this time there exist four basic health care systems in the world: the system of the obligatory social insurance, the system of the national health care service, market system and socialist system. Each of these systems is characteristic by its different way of financing, organization and owner-ship of health care facilities. We are analyzing stated systems, comparing them generally as well as particularly in the selected countries. Key words: health care, health care services, health care system, financing of health care system JEL Classification: I10, I12, I18, H51

This article is a presentation of audit by provision reliability of information fi-nancial statement (individual and konsolidated), especially in relation to third sides. Article also specifies task and signification certified financial statements by preparation national accounts. Article also presents brief summary of national accounting system according to methodology ESA 95, which is about monitoring welfare and economic policy in states of Europe Union. Key words: financial statements, audit of financial statements, national accounts, national accounts, classification of sectors and subsectors, account of resitents, added value JEL Classification: M41

The article deals with the problem of competitive policy and the structure of industries that lead to the individual results of the economic performance in the national economy and its efficiency. Excessive concentration is a potential source of competition distortion in the relevant market. As a legal tool for evaluation of concentration was first used concentration ratio which was in 1982 in USA replaced by Herfindahl-Hirschman’s index. In the territory of European Community is for evaluation of concentration used criterion of the amount of turnover. The decision, which tool to use is determined by the subject and the purpose of intended analysis. Key words: concentration, Herfindahl-Hirschman’s index, concentration ratio JEL Classification: K21, L10, N40

In essay the author is concerning with new theoretical and methodological area of economics, that is, with possibilities of devices and tools for experimentation in economics, like ones are used in natural and technical disciplines. For these purposes is serving artificial experimental laboratories. Models in such laboratories are based on evolutionary learning as special synthesis of investigative and vicarious learning. The author show evidence that of synthesis of Darwinian and Lamarckian approaches to evolution give possibilities for creation of models helping deeper understanding of economical evolution. Key words: experimentation in artificial (virtual) economy, synthesis of Darwinian and Lamarckian approaches to evolution, experimentation methods and tools in artificial economies, economical simulation models based on knowledge systems, theory of economical knowledge networks JEL Classification: A11, A23, A 32, B41, C15, C71 – 72, C80, C88, C91 – 93, D58, D62, D70, D83 – 85, D91 – 92

The most modern management conceptions consider enterprise information and administration very serious. Management of this sphere known as IS/IT should be an inseparable part of enterprise management. For the enterprise, IS/IT is a strategic weapon, a tool to acquire strategic information about products and markets, the way of organizing and directing, a tool to increase productivity, effectiveness, quality of products. They become a critical factor of success. On the other side, they are very expensive in spite of cost reduction trends. Our suggestions will accelerate in the future view of the entrance of the Slovak republic to the EU. Anticipated changes will be fundamental. Key words: information system, information technology, enterprise informatics, application software, management of companies JEL Classification: O32, M29