Journal of Economics - Obsahy ročníkov

Submitted article deals with the problem of overeducation. It offers a brief overview of existing explanations. Introduces a method of overeducation measurement based on internationally used classifications ISCO and ISCED. Also brings some evidence on overeducation measured by this method. The analysis is focused on overeducation of workers with a degree, which becomes especially interesting in the light of tertiary education expansion. The question is, in what sense does overeducation refer to the supply-demand relations on the labour market. International comparisons of overeducation in European countries give some partial answers. Keywords: overeducation, labour supply, labour demand, schooling JEL Classification: I21, I22, J24, H52

Economic phenomena undoubtedly tend to form a large variety of agglomerations in space. It is thus natural to ask how significant these concentrations are, where they can be found and what the other aspects of these spatial arrangements are, including their practical implications. The main aim of this paper is to quantify the significance of spatial and regional concentration in respect to the overall inequality. In the empirical analysis economic variables are studied applying quantitative methods including specific ones such as Theil index decomposition and spatial autocorrelation. Contrary to the majority of thematically similar papers, this analysis is undertaken on a very detailed, mu-nicipal level which enables the authors to come to new, innovative, and more locally specific conclusions. Keywords: regional and spatial concentration, quantitative methods, spatial autocorrelation, Theil index decomposition, Czech Republic JEL Classification: R10, R12

We have proposed a methodology for analysing the impact of changes in accounting appraisal methods (with compliance to the harmonization process of IAS/IFRS) on the profit/loss of a company. Using the principles of Gini coefficient, we have derived and designed two measures which can be used for quantifying differences in profit/loss distribution functions of companies. In the empirical part of the paper our results confirm, that the impact of the process of IAS/IFRS implementation in a company may depend on the industry in which it operates. These results have also been confirmed when we reclassified companies into more homogeneous groups using cluster analysis. Keywords: revaluation of balance sheet items, IAS/IFRS, Gini coefficient, distribution of operating results JEL Classification: M41

This paper deals with the problems of recognition and balancing of intangible fixed assets in an enterprise. The attention is given to the amount of intangible assets that is not included in company financial statements (balance sheet). These assets are usually produced in an enterprise and are not intended to sale. Identification of these assets is very difficult because it is impossible to allocate economical benefit arising from them. The aim of the paper is to find out the consequences of non-recognition of intangible assets for financial statements, the amount of balance sheet and the profit or loss of a company. Keywords: fixed assets, intangible fixed assets, tangible fixed assets, valuation method, accounting statements, profit and loss, financial fixed assets, owners’ equity, goodwill, fair value JEL Classification: D21, M 21, M41

In this analysis we emphasize the limitations of financial system risk management, with special focus on the inconstancies between achieving relative satisfactory outcomes for individual and systematic risks regulation. We analyze growth of financial system unbalances resulting from originate-and-distribute risk strategy and markt-to-market or fair-value accounting practices. Along with these and other risks arising from different investment revenue opportunities between more and less regulated financial markets, we seek for systemic risk management solutions and economic vulnerabilities of existing and projecting financial risks regulatory frameworks. From European point of view and in the light of deepening globalization we analyze proposed framework design for common policy and structural response to financial crisis. Keywords: financial crisis, financial risk management, regulation JEL Classification: F33, G01, G28

This paper addresses the problems of institutional changes in governance and the framing of biodiversity conservation policy at the level of the enlarged European Union. The theoretical basis of the paper is institutional rebuilding in Central and Eastern Europe in the context of the emerging multilevel environmental governance of the EU. The data were collected from desk study research and interviews from five Central and Eastern European countries. The results show that he emergence of multilevel governance with multiple actors’ participation is prone to create tensions, but evidence from the countries studied indicates that this is not necessarily a disadvantage. Keywords: multilevel governance, institutional rebuilding, Central and Eastern Europe, EU enlargement, biodiversity JEL Classification: P36, Q57